GSA experts regularly produce studies, analyses, and briefings for decision-makers and observers in the economic and financial world. Explore them here.
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AI: Expected GDP gains are on the rise, but so are concerns about its use
27 October 2026
As AI adoption accelerates, growth and productivity expectations are being revised upward, even as concerns over employment, safety and regulation intensify. This study explores the economic implications of AI, from its potential impact on GDP and interest rates to the challenges it poses for public finances.
BRICS public debt: what is the exposure to rising interest rates?
6 October 2026
Rising global interest rates are increasing debt vulnerabilities across the BRICS, although the impact varies significantly depending on fiscal positions, growth prospects and debt structures. A sustained 200-basis-point increase in borrowing costs would push debt higher in all five countries, with Brazil and China the most exposed.
Rise in US government bond yields: a structural trend not called into question by the government’s announcements
1 September 2026
Long-term US Treasury yields have reached their highest level in two decades, prompting the Treasury to take action – doubling bond buybacks and possibly drawing on the Treasury General Account – without managing to stem this rise, as the causes are structural: widening deficits and debt, risks to inflation and the Fed’s independence, increased competition in the bond market, and changes in investor behaviour.
Global shipping after the Hormuz Shock: adaptation, diversion and congestion
8 June 2026
The Strait of Hormuz crisis is reverberating as far as the Panama Canal and the Cape of Good Hope, while new transshipment hubs are emerging in the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean. This shift from a logic of efficiency to resilience at any cost could endure. It is also prompting Gulf countries to build infrastructure bypassing the strait.
European competitiveness in light of rising energy prices: a less severe shock than in 2022, but some key sectors are vulnerable
22 May 2026
Regardless of the scale of the energy shock caused by tensions in the Middle East, US productivity appears to be less affected than that of European companies. However, even in the event of a prolonged conflict, energy expenditure as a percentage of turnover in the EU would remain well below 2022 levels, unlike in the United States.